b'IPANATO The European Unions Instrument for Pre-North Atlantic Treaty Organisation; Accession Assistance; a financial instrumentintergovernmental military alliance based on that disbursed assistance to countriesNorth Atlantic Treaty, signed on April 4, 1949. engaged in the accession process to the EU for the period 2007-2013. The EU hasNHS launched a new round of pre-accessionNational Health Service; the public health funding, now known as the Instrument forservice of the UK. OECD Organisation for Pre- Accession Assistance II (IPA II), for theEconomic Co-operation and Development 2014-2020 budgetary period.[34 members]. IRS The United States Internal Revenue Service; US government agency responsibleONS for tax collection and tax-law enforcement.Office for National Statistics;the United Kingdomsstatisticsauthority. It reports LDCsdirectly to Parliament. Least Developed Countries; countries that have been classified by the UN as leastQMV developed in terms of low gross nationalQualified Majority Voting; the number of income and high degree of economicvotes required for a decision to be adopted vulnerabilityby the Council of the European Union. MEP Member of the European Parliament.Introduced in the Treaty of Rome as the main way of reaching decisions in the Council ofMFNMinisters and extended in all successive Most Favoured Nation; principle of theamending treaties, QMV weights votes by the World Trade Organisation that bans trade-size and population of each member states. preference discrimination among its member states and their trading partners,SAFTA with the exceptions of bilateral or regionalSouth Asia Free Trade Area [January 6, 2004]; trade deals, privileged market access forthe free trade area between Afghanistan, developing countries, justified protectionism,Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, and trade in services under strict conditions.Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.MERCOSURSME Trading bloc comprising Argentina,Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises; SMEs Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuelaare normally defined as those companies associate countries are Chile, Bolivia,which employ less than 250 personnel. Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. TPP Multiplier effectTrans-Pacific Strategic Economic The principle that extra income leads toPartnership.more spending, which in turn creates more incomethe increase in final income arisingTTIP from any new injection of spending (fromTransatlantic Trade and Investment economicsonline.co.uk).Partnership; The proposed free trade agreement between the US and the EU.NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement [1 January, 1994]; the trade agreement between the USA, Mexico and Canada. 245'